Soil Fertility and Biodiversity in Organic Farming [Paul Mäder et al, 2002]

Abstract An understanding of agroecosystems is key to determining effective farming systems. Here we report results from a 21-year study of agronomic and ecological performance of biodynamic, bioorganic, and conventional farming systems in Central Europe. We found crop yields to be 20% lower in the organic systems, although input of …

Microbiological Features and Bioactivity of a Fermented Manure Product (Preparation 500) Used in Biodynamic Agriculture [2013]

Abstract The fermented manure derivative known as Preparation 500 is traditionally used as a field spray in biodynamic agriculture for maintaining and increasing soil fertility. This work aimed at characterizing the product from a microbiological standpoint and at assaying its bioactive properties. The approach involved molecular taxonomical characterization of the …

Molecular properties of a fermented manure preparation used as field spray in biodynamic agriculture [R. Spaccini, P. Mazzei, A. Squartini, M. Giannattasio & A. Piccolo, 2012]

Abstract Manure products fermented underground in cow horns and commonly used as field spray (preparation 500) in the biodynamic farming system, were characterized for molecular composition by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance [13 C cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning NMR (13 C-CPMAS-NMR)] spectroscopy and offline tetramethylammonium hydroxide thermochemolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Both thermochemolysis and …

Metabarcoding analysis of the bacterial and fungal communities during the maturation of preparation 500, used in biodynamic agriculture, suggests a rational link between horn and manure [Squartini et al, 2023]

Abstract Horn manure (Preparation 500) is a product used in the practice of biodynamic agricul- ture. It is obtained by an underground fermentation of cow fecal material incubated in cow horns for several months. The product is used as spray treatment meant to increase soil fertility. In the present report, …

Variations of elements, pigments, amino acids and secondary metabolites in Vitis vinifera (L.) cv Garganega after 501 biodynamic treatment [Mario Malagoli et al, 2022]

Abstract Background: There is a need for new approaches in agriculture to improve safety of final products as well as to increase environmental acceptability. In this paper, the biodynamic preparation 501 (horn silica) was sprayed on Vitis vinifera (L.) cv Garganega plants in two vineyards located in Veneto region, North-East …

Influence of biodynamic preparations on compost development and resultant compost extracts on wheat seedling growth [ Reeve et al, 2010 ]

Biodynamic (BD) agriculture, a form of organic agriculture, includes the use of specially fermented prep- arations, but peer-reviewed studies on their efficacy are rare. Composting of a grape pomace and manure mixture was studied in two years (2002 and 2005) with and without the BD compost preparations. Water extracts of …

A review of scientifc research on biodynamic agriculture [ Pacini, 2022 ]

Biodynamic agriculture (BD agriculture) was presented as an alternative form of agriculture by the philosopher Rudolf Steiner and is nowadays considered one of the forms of organic agriculture. The objective of the present manuscript is to critically review international scientifc literature on biodynamic agriculture as published in highly ranked journals …

Biodynamic agriculture research progress and priorities [ Turinek et al, 2009 ]

Biodynamic (BD) agriculture became the subject of research efforts during the past decades, whereas a part of the scientific community looks at the BD method with skepticism and marks it as dogmatic. Nevertheless, as explored in this review, a fair share of the available peer-reviewed research results of controlled field …

Effects of traditional and biodynamic farmyard manure amendment on yields, soil chemical, biochemical and biological properties in a long-term field experiment [ J. G. Zaller, U. Köpke, 2004 ]

Zaller e Koepke hanno studiato gli effetti in 9 anni delle applicazioni di letame di fattoria compostato tradizionalmente (FYM) e due tipi di FYM compostati biodinamicamente sulle proprietà chimiche del suolo, biomassa e respirazione microbica, attività deidrogenasi e saccarasi, tassi di decomposizione e produzione di radici sotto trifoglio, attività e …